Образ коня / лошади в фольклоре русских старожилов северо-востока Якутии = The horse image (dobbin) in the folklore of Russian old-timers of North-Eastern Yakutia

Проведено исследование корпуса текстов фольклора, зафиксированного в низовьях рек Индигирки и Колымы, где с середины XVII в. появились русские старожилы. Разбираются вопросы проявления местных особенностей текста фольклора, связанные с заменой образа коня на образ лошади. Проводится обзор научной литературы, где сообщается о коневодстве в Якутии у якутов и русских. Рассматриваются примеры русских эпических прозаических и стихотворных текстов, в которых представлены образы коня и лошади. Сравниваются варианты текстов, в которых приводятся образы коня и лошади. Приведены примеры конкорданса образов коня / лошади. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of the replacement of the image of “horse” with the image of “dobbin” in the folklore texts of Russian old-timers in northeastern Yakutia. The aim and objectives of the study are to examine local characteristics manifested in the use of certain images found in Russian folklore texts in the Kolyma and Indigirka regions. The genres in which the images of “horse” and “dobbin” are found are clarified. Possible routes of borrowing texts from regions of the Russian North and the Ural region are traced. The lexical composition (concordance) of the images of “horse” is determined. The research methods used include description and comparative analysis, as well as some techniques for lexical-semantic analysis of folklore texts. A distinctive feature of folklore in Northeastern Yakutia is the constant use of the image of “horse”, based on the traditional image of “heroic steed”. This is due to external circumstances related to the geographical conditions of the areas inhabited by the Russian elders of Yakutia. The image of “horse” alternates with that of “dobbin” in prose texts (fairy tales), and in epic and lyrical poetry. There are examples of folklore texts in which the images of “horse” and “dobbin” are used in a single work. In the variants of folklore recorded in Yakutia, the image of “horse / dobbin” is not explicitly depicted.