Статья посвящена актуальной проблематике соотношения сюжета и мотива в процессе жанровой трансформации фольклора. Результаты исследования подтверждают тезис о мифологическом генезисе эпоса и вносят вклад в развитие теории эволюции фольклорных жанров на материале устного творчества эвенков. В мотивах эвенкийского эпоса сохраняются сюжеты мифа, обладающие этиологической функцией. Сюжеты эвенкийских мифов и мировоззренческие традиции отчетливо проявляются в символической взаимосвязи эпических образов солнца, луны, звезд и созвездий. В эпическом мотиве, как и в сюжете мифа, отражены этнографические и мировоззренческие традиции эвенков.
This paper examines the interplay between plot and motif as a key factor in the genre transformation of oral folk traditions. The study demonstrates, for the first time and using selected motifs and images from the Evenk epic as examples, their interconnection with mythological plots, as well as the reflection of Evenk ethnographic and worldview traditions. The methodology is based on the comparative typological method, which makes it possible to examine folklore traditions through the analysis of typology, similarities, and differences at the intergeneric level. An interdisciplinary approach is used to identify ethnocultural parallels and objective folk knowledge. The results of the research confirm the scientific thesis regarding the mythological genesis of the epic and contribute to the development of the theory of the evolution of folklore genres based on the Evenk folklore. The motifs of the Evenk epic include mythical plots that retain an etiological function. Some motifs of epic texts about hero-ancestors are based on popular plots of myth, explaining the characteristics of objects of the surrounding world and existing worldview traditions. The mythological genesis of the Evenk epic reflects in its diverse imagery. The plots of Evenk myths and worldview traditions are most clearly evident in the symbolic interconnection of the images of the sun, the moon, Venus and the constellation Ursa Major. Both the epic motif and the plot of myth reflect various ethnographic traditions of the Evenk and objective knowledge about the surrounding world.
