В статье дана краткая характеристика расселения населения бассейна реки Амга. Проанализированы ее современное состояние, распределение сельских населенных пунктов по величине и численности населения.
The article gives a brief description of the population distribution in the Amga river basin. Considering a question of resettlement of the population on the example of the basin of the Amga river, it is possible to mark out some features which are connected as with historical, natural, and with socio-economic factors. Concerning natural landscapes the basin of Amga is characterized by favorable conditions for resettlement of the population. River valleys of Amga and its inflows are used generally as arable, pasturable and haying grounds. The basin of the Amga river holds a specific place in the history of formation and modern structure of system of resettlement of the population as lies within two developed social and economic regions of Yakutia: South Yakutia and Central Yakutia. The purpose of article is the analysis of the current state of resettlement of the population of the basin of the Amga river. Archeological excavations in the territory of the basin of Amga demonstrate that it has been populated with the person since the most ancient times. In the territory of the basin archeologists have found traces of people of the top paleolith (10.5 - 6.2 thousand years ago). Now the system of resettlement of the basin is presented by 27 rural settlements. In the territory of the basin there is no settlement with the status of the city and urban-type settlement. On administrative-territorial division 7 uluses (areas), 30 municipal units, from them the 29th rural settlements (1 national rural settlement) and 1 city settlement are a part of the basin of the Amga River in whole or in part. The most part of settlements it is concentrated on average a watercourse. In the territory of the basin there are no large centers of the extracting, manufacturing industry. The biggest on the number of inhabitants the settlement in the basin is the village Amga - the administrative center of the Amga district (6533 people on a census of 2010). The village Amga is the only settlement with the status - the administrative center of the ulus (area) in the basin. By the sizes settlements are distributed more evenly on all districts of the basin. The largest (over 1000 inhabitants) settlements are presented 3 areas, except the territory of the Aldan district: four in Amga and on one in Churapchinsky and Tattinsky districts. In these settlements it is concentrated by 64% of the total number of the population of the basin of Amga. Almost all settlements are located along the river. About a half of country people lives in settlements about a number of inhabitants to the 500th persons. From 27 rural inhabited the basin 13 are the centers of nasleg and perform administrative functions of rural municipal entities. In rural settlements the most part of inhabitants is engaged in cattle breeding, horse breeding, and agriculture, and in the territory of the Belletsky nasleg - reindeer breeding and hunting. In the territory of the basin it is possible to allocate 4 types of rural resettlement: cattle breeding and agricultural, cattle breeding and horse-breeding, reindeer-breeding and cattle breeding and nonagricultural (transport) resettlement types. Feature of a demographic situation in the basin is growth of population after economic reforms 1990th and 2000th, the total number of inhabitants in the basin in comparison with 18690 people (1989) has grown to 19648 people (2010). Growth of population is observed in settlements of the Amga and Tattinsky districts.
